Jack+Mezirow


 * Theorist: ||<  ||
 * ==Jack Mezirow (1923 - Present)==

 ||<  || Influences: Paulo Freire and Jürgen Habemas ||<  || ||<  || ||<   || Transformative Learning Theory describes a process of learners becoming critically aware of their current experiences, believes, and assumptions then re-evaluating and assessing these experiences, believes, and assumptions to create a new understanding. Mezirow asserts that transformative learning develops autonomous thinking. This is achieved by the person making their own understanding of the meaning of their experience. **Fundamental concepts: **
 * Theory: Transformative Learning
 * Timeline: 1978 - Present ||<  ||
 * Description:

**Frame of reference ** – a person’s experience, concepts, values, associations, feelings and habitual responses that identify the world. The 2 dimensions of frame of reference: **Habits of mind ** – conceptual, extensive, conditioned ways of feeling, acting, and thinking – beliefs that are influence by a preset code or codes (economic, social, cultural, etc). **Point of view ** expressed in a specific point of view or particular interpretation. **Critical reflection ** – the process of identifying, questioning, and reflecting on assumptions through personal experience while incorporating new knowledge. This provides the ability to take action on this new frame of reference. **Four main components of the transformative learning process: ** **Ten phases of transformational learning: ** **Four processes of learning: ** **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Two basic types of learning: ** **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Three levels of cognitive processing: ** ||<  || //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Fostering Critical Reflection in Adulthood //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">, Jossey-Bass Inc, 1990  //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Learning as Transformation: Critical Perspectives on a Theory in Progress //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">, Jossey-Bass Inc, 2000  //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Transformative Dimensions of Adult Learning //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">, Jossey-Bass Inc, 1991  //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Transformative Learning in Practice: Insights from Community, Workplace and Education //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">, Jossey-Bass Inc, 2009  ||<   || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%;">Transformative learning (and constructivism) essentially follows the fundamentals of learning transfer: building on previous experience, especially in with problem solving and analogical reasoning.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Experience
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Critical reflection on assumptions
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Discourse to corroborate critically reflective insight
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Action
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Disorienting dilemma
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Self-examination
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Critical assessment of assumptions
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Recognition that others have been through a similar process
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Exploring options
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Acquiring knowledge and skill
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Trying out new roles
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Renegotiating relationships
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Self-confidence/build competence
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Reintegrate new meaning
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Expand existing a point of view – seek evidence to verify and expand a point of view
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Learning a new point of view – can be influence by habits of mind
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Transforming a point of view – critical reflection of assumptions
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Transforming habits of mind – awareness and critical reflection of general bias
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Instrumental – focus on task-oriented problem solving and determining cause and effects relationships
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Communicative – communicating feelings
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">First order thinking – read and comprehend, memorize, compute
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Metacognition – monitoring the progress and outcomes of first order thinking
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%;">Transformative learning – reflecting on the criteria and limits of knowledge ||<  ||
 * Major Works:
 * Learning Transfer:

References: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%;">Bear, L. (2006). //Transformational learning theory//. Retrieved from [] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 115%;">Merriam, S. B., Caffarella, R. S., Baumgartner, L. M. (2007). //Learning in Adulthood//. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt;">Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. //New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 74,// 5-12. Retrieved from [] Wallace, W. S. (2007). //Transformative learning theory//. Created June 28, 2007. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Retrieved from [] ||<   ||